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Albright knot

Knot · Last reviewed 2026-08-19

The wrapped join: one line wound in a long coil over a loop in the other. It is the family that handles a severe diameter mismatch and still goes through the rings, which is what a shock leader needs.

Safety: line under tension — can cause injury needing treatment.

What each one does, and what reduces it ↓

Used for
Joining two lines
Holds in
Monofilament, Fluorocarbon, Braid
Do not use in
Wire
Tying an Albright knotFour stacked panels showing an Albright knot joining a light line to a heavy one. Panel one: the heavier line comes in from the left, runs to the right and bends back on itself in a long narrow loop, with both arms drawn parallel and the closed end at the right. Labelled THE LOOP GOES IN THE HEAVIER LINE — REVERSED, IT SLIPS. Panel two: the same loop, with the lighter line drawn entering it from the right, running back between the two arms and ending in a long tag inside the loop. Labelled LIGHTER LINE IN, AND LEAVE 25 CM OF TAG. Panel three: the lighter line is wound back along the loop in ten tight turns, drawn as a strand weaving alternately in front of and behind both arms together, with breaks showing which passes in front at each turn. Labelled TEN TIGHT TOUCHING TURNS — OVER BOTH ARMS OF THE LOOP. Panel four: the finished join, with the light line leaving the loop on the same side it entered, and an arrow above showing the coil being eased along the loop towards its closed end. Labelled OUT THE SAME SIDE IT WENT IN — THEN WET IT AND EASE IT DOWN.1THE LOOP GOES IN THE HEAVIER LINE — REVERSED, IT SLIPS2LIGHTER LINE IN, AND LEAVE 25 CM OF TAG3TEN TIGHT TOUCHING TURNS — OVER BOTH ARMS OF THE LOOP4OUT THE SAME SIDE IT WENT IN — THEN WET IT AND EASE IT DOWN
  1. 1. Bend the HEAVIER or stiffer line into a long loop and hold it closed.
  2. 2. Pass the LIGHTER line into that loop, leaving a long tag — the wraps consume it fast.
  3. 3. Wind the tag back along the loop in tight touching turns, towards the closed end. Ten in monofilament, fifteen or more in braid.
  4. 4. Pass the tag back out of the loop on the SAME side it entered. Wet the whole coil, ease it down to the closed end, and trim both tags.

Tying an Albright knot

Knot · Verified — every stage checked against a canonical reference — reference: Fly Fishing: Knots & Rigging, Learning Center curriculum · signed off by AI editorial review — every stage drawn against the reference’s own numbered step, then rendered and inspected on 2026-08-21

Describe this diagram in words

Four stacked panels showing an Albright knot joining a light line to a heavy one. Panel one: the heavier line comes in from the left, runs to the right and bends back on itself in a long narrow loop, with both arms drawn parallel and the closed end at the right. Labelled THE LOOP GOES IN THE HEAVIER LINE — REVERSED, IT SLIPS. Panel two: the same loop, with the lighter line drawn entering it from the right, running back between the two arms and ending in a long tag inside the loop. Labelled LIGHTER LINE IN, AND LEAVE 25 CM OF TAG. Panel three: the lighter line is wound back along the loop in ten tight turns, drawn as a strand weaving alternately in front of and behind both arms together, with breaks showing which passes in front at each turn. Labelled TEN TIGHT TOUCHING TURNS — OVER BOTH ARMS OF THE LOOP. Panel four: the finished join, with the light line leaving the loop on the same side it entered, and an arrow above showing the coil being eased along the loop towards its closed end. Labelled OUT THE SAME SIDE IT WENT IN — THEN WET IT AND EASE IT DOWN.

How this drawing was produced

Drawn against the Fly Fishers International curriculum's five numbered steps, which give ten turns and — critically — state that the tag must exit the loop on the same side it entered. THE LOOP IS DRAWN AS TWO SEPARATE ARMS with the coil crossing both, because the single most common way to draw this knot wrongly is to wrap only one arm, and a reader copying that gets a join that pulls straight out. The FishingHQ record's own steps go further than the reference in two places, and the figure follows the record: fifteen or more turns in braid rather than ten, and easing the coil down rather than pulling it home. Neither claim is attributed to the reference. RENDERED AND INSPECTED.

How to tie it

These written steps are the instruction. The diagram supports them.

  1. Bend the heavier or stiffer of the two lines into a long loop, and hold it closed between finger and thumb.
  2. Pass the lighter line through that loop, leaving a long tag — 25 cm or more, because the wraps consume it fast.
  3. Wind the tag of the lighter line back along the loop in tight touching turns, working towards the closed end. Ten turns in monofilament, and fifteen or more in braid, which needs the extra wrapped length because it is slick.
  4. Pass the tag back out through the loop on the SAME side it entered. Out the wrong side and the coil will not close.
  5. Wet the whole coil thoroughly.
  6. Draw it up by pulling the two standing lines apart slowly, easing the coil down towards the closed end of the loop with a fingernail so the turns stay touching rather than gapping.
  7. Check the coil is even, tight and has not gapped, then trim both tags close. A drop of a flexible knot glue over the coil is conventional on shock leaders and is protection against the tag catching a ring, not against the knot failing.

Finishing it properly

  • Wet the coil, not just the ends. It is a long contact area and it generates real heat when drawn dry.
  • Ease it down with a fingernail rather than pulling it home; the coil must stay touching as it moves.
  • Trim both tags close and consider a flexible knot glue over the coil on a shock leader — for smoothness through the rings, not for strength.
  • Draw the finished join back and forth through the tip ring by hand before the first cast. If it clicks, retie it.

How it fails

It fails by the coil gapping or by the wraps sliding off the end of the loop. Both come from drawing it up too fast: the turns need to be eased down together, and a coil pulled tight in one movement opens gaps that the load then closes unevenly. The symptom is a join that pulls out rather than breaking — the lighter line comes away with a long curl in it and no break at all. Inspect by looking at the coil: tight touching turns along the whole length, no daylight between them, and the tag emerging on the same side it entered.

How this knot behaves, and where it goes wrong

THIS IS THE FAMILY `joining-two-lines-what-the-join-has-to-survive` CALLS A WRAPPED JOIN, AND IT IS THE ANSWER TO A PROBLEM THE OTHER JOINS CANNOT SOLVE.

The problem is a join that must do three incompatible things at once: hold two lines of very different diameter or very different material, survive the highest loads in the sport, and pass smoothly out through every rod ring at casting speed with a heavy lead behind it. A blood knot fails the first requirement. A surgeon's knot fails the third. A loop-to-loop fails the third worse.

THE CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT MAKES IT WORK. The heavier line is bent into a loop; the lighter line is passed into that loop and wound back along it in a long tight coil, ten turns or more, then passed back out the same side it went in. Under load the coil grips along its whole length rather than at a single pinch point, and it tightens as it is loaded. The finished join is long, slim and tapered at both ends, which is precisely the shape that will not catch a ring.

WHERE IT MATTERS MOST IS THE SHOCK LEADER, AND THAT IS A SAFETY CONNECTION. A beach angler casting a heavy lead joins a fine mainline to a leader several times heavier for one reason: the leader takes the shock of the cast so the mainline does not part. Several turns of the join sit on the spool at the start of the cast and travel out through every ring. If it catches, the lead separates in mid-air. This is the connection where bulk is a safety property rather than a preference.

IT IS ALSO THE MODERN BRAID-TO-LEADER JOIN, and it is not the only one. The FG knot and its relatives are slimmer still, and they are harder to tie correctly and much easier to get subtly wrong. An Albright tied properly beats an FG tied hopefully, which is the same argument FishingHQ makes about every knot.

AND IT IS DIRECTIONAL, WHICH CATCHES PEOPLE OUT. The loop goes in the heavier or stiffer line and the wraps are made with the lighter or limper one. Reversed, the coil will not bed and the join slips.

The FG knot question, and why this page does not simply point you at it

Anybody researching braid-to-leader joins meets the FG knot within about a minute, usually described as stronger and slimmer than everything else. Both claims are broadly fair and neither settles the question.

WHAT THE FG ACTUALLY IS. The leader is not looped at all: the braid is woven around the leader in alternating half hitches so that it grips under load by constriction, and the finished join is so slim it is barely thicker than the leader itself. It genuinely does pass through rings better than anything on FishingHQ.

WHY IT IS NOT THE STRAIGHT RECOMMENDATION. It is tied under tension, which means it needs the leader held taut — around a knee, in the teeth, or with a tool — and it has a lot of repeated operations that must alternate correctly. The failure mode is a weave that has not seated, and the distinguishing property of that failure is that it looks finished. An FG that is going to slip and an FG that will hold are hard to tell apart by eye, which is the opposite of what FishingHQ asks of a connection.

AND THE COMPARISON THAT MATTERS IS NOT BETWEEN THE TWO KNOTS. It is between an Albright tied properly and an FG tied hopefully, in wind, at the water's edge, by somebody who last tied one three weeks ago. That is the comparison `choosing-a-knot-for-the-line-you-are-using` makes about every knot — know one properly rather than six badly — and it is the reason this page teaches the wrapped join the reader can inspect.

WHAT WOULD CHANGE THE ANSWER. If you tie the join at home, tie it often, and fish where every millimetre through the rings counts — long-range lure fishing from rocks, light braid, heavy leader — the FG earns its complexity. If you tie leaders on a beach in the dark, it does not.

NO STRENGTH PERCENTAGES APPEAR HERE, and `why-knot-strength-tables-disagree` explains why: the published figures for both of these knots vary enormously between tests, and the variation is mostly about how well the tester tied them. That is precisely the property being discussed.

What experienced anglers do — why, and the sources (3)

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Long-running published description of British sea angling practice, including shock leaders, trace construction and the dropper loops a multi-hook trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
  • Angling Times — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Contemporary UK coarse, match, carp and predator practice as reported by practitioners, including terminal convention and lure connection.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
  • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

Safety

Line under tension — Can cause injury needing treatment

A shock leader join that catches in a rod ring at the start of a powerful cast fails instantly, releasing the lead and terminal tackle as an unguided projectile at casting speed. A lead of several ounces leaving a beach rod carries enough energy to cause serious injury at considerable distance.

What reduces it: Keep the coil slim and glued smooth, draw the join through the tip ring by hand before the first cast, and retie rather than fish a join you did not tie or cannot inspect. Look behind and downrange before every cast.

Worse when:

  • Heavy leads and powerful casting styles
  • A coil that has gapped, or a tag left long enough to catch a ring
  • Cold hands, darkness, and a leader tied at the water's edge in a hurry

Further safety reading

  • Hook injuries — The shock leader join is a safety connection rather than a strength one. A join that catches a rod ring at the start of a heavy cast releases the lead and terminal tackle as a projectile at casting speed, and the hooks travel with it.

Where to go next

Where it is used

What it joins

Worth understanding first

Instead of this

History and culture

Sources and evidence

  • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Long-running published description of British sea angling practice, including shock leaders, trace construction and the dropper loops a multi-hook trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
  • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: filling a reel, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement is made with.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
  • Angling Times — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Contemporary UK coarse, match, carp and predator practice as reported by practitioners, including terminal convention and lure connection.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
  • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
Why the 10 connections on this page are here, and the sources

Where it is used

What experienced anglers do — 3 connections

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Saltwater fly fishing

    An arrangement joined to the knot that actually builds it, written where the knot is characteristic of that arrangement rather than merely possible in it. This is the edge a reader travels: they arrive looking for the arrangement and need the connection it depends on.

    • Still Water Fly-Fishing — Andre Deutsch, 1952 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Stillwater fly practice: leader construction, teams of flies on droppers, and the joins between backing, fly line, leader and tippet.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Trout & Salmon — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British game angling practice, including leader and tippet construction and the fly-line connections it rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

  • Sea fishing

    An arrangement joined to the knot that actually builds it, written where the knot is characteristic of that arrangement rather than merely possible in it. This is the edge a reader travels: they arrive looking for the arrangement and need the connection it depends on.

    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

  • Surfcasting

    An arrangement joined to the knot that actually builds it, written where the knot is characteristic of that arrangement rather than merely possible in it. This is the edge a reader travels: they arrive looking for the arrangement and need the connection it depends on.

    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

What it joins

What experienced anglers do — 1 connection

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Braided line

    An arrangement joined to the knot that actually builds it, written where the knot is characteristic of that arrangement rather than merely possible in it. This is the edge a reader travels: they arrive looking for the arrangement and need the connection it depends on.

    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

Worth understanding first

What experienced anglers do — 3 connections

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Choosing a knot for the line you are using

    A knot joined to the explainer that sets out the principle it is an instance of. The explainers were written first and each names families of solution; these edges are what let a reader move from the principle to a knot that embodies it.

    • How to Tie Fishing Knots — uni, blood, improved blood, surgeon's and loop knots — Recreational Boating & Fishing Foundation (Take Me Fishing) (Angling or fisheries organisation)Relied on for: The double surgeon's knot sequence, and the grouping of knots by the connection each is for.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Fishing Knots — which knot for which line — Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department (Government fisheries body)Relied on for: A state wildlife agency grouping knots by job and stating that the surgeon's knot joins lines regardless of diameter or line type.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

  • Joining two lines: what the join has to survive

    A knot joined to the explainer that sets out the principle it is an instance of. The explainers were written first and each names families of solution; these edges are what let a reader move from the principle to a knot that embodies it.

    • How to Tie Fishing Knots — uni, blood, improved blood, surgeon's and loop knots — Recreational Boating & Fishing Foundation (Take Me Fishing) (Angling or fisheries organisation)Relied on for: The double surgeon's knot sequence, and the grouping of knots by the connection each is for.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Fishing Knots — which knot for which line — Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department (Government fisheries body)Relied on for: A state wildlife agency grouping knots by job and stating that the surgeon's knot joins lines regardless of diameter or line type.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

  • Why knots slip or break

    A knot joined to the explainer that sets out the principle it is an instance of. The explainers were written first and each names families of solution; these edges are what let a reader move from the principle to a knot that embodies it.

    • How to Tie Fishing Knots — uni, blood, improved blood, surgeon's and loop knots — Recreational Boating & Fishing Foundation (Take Me Fishing) (Angling or fisheries organisation)Relied on for: The double surgeon's knot sequence, and the grouping of knots by the connection each is for.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Fishing Knots — which knot for which line — Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department (Government fisheries body)Relied on for: A state wildlife agency grouping knots by job and stating that the surgeon's knot joins lines regardless of diameter or line type.States this directlyPassage read and verified
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

Instead of this

What experienced anglers do — 1 connection

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Double surgeon's knot

    Both are line-to-line joins for mismatched diameters, and practitioner literature separates them consistently on profile and on the time each takes to tie rather than on strength.

    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

Safety reading

What experienced anglers do — 1 connection

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Hook injuries

    A connection joined to the harm it can actually cause, written where the knot's own construction or the situation it is tied in creates the risk rather than where fishing in general does.

    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

History and culture

What experienced anglers do — 1 connection

Widely and independently recommended by experienced anglers and specialist sources. This is real angling knowledge, not proof: controlled evidence for it is limited, and FishingHQ records it as convention rather than as a demonstrated effect.

  • Nylon, and what synthetic line changed

    A knot joined to the material transition that produced or transformed it. Written where the knot is genuinely an artefact of synthetic line rather than merely contemporary with it, which is why the wire termination in this file does not carry it.

    • Freshwater Fishing — Macdonald & Jane's, 1975 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Comprehensive angling practice: reel filling, leader and dropper construction, and the connections each arrangement rests on.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Coarse Fishing — A. & C. Black, 1912 (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: Classical coarse angling practice: hooklengths, loops, droppers and the terminal arrangements built from them.States this directlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • Sea Angler — Bauer Media (Specialist angling publication)Relied on for: British sea angling practice: shock leaders, multi-hook trace construction and the dropper loops a trace is built from.FishingHQ's interpretation of what it saysCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly
    • General angling website restatements of established technique — Various (Credible secondary source)Relied on for: Widely restated descriptions of established connection convention, recorded as practitioner consensus rather than as scholarship.Background and mechanism onlyCitation checked — the work exists and is described correctly

How FishingHQ labels evidence is explained in the evidence policy.

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